AUGUST

AUGUST

OHIO WEATHER OBSERVERS NETWORK

http://sheridan.geog.kent.edu/owon

E-Mail: ssherid1@kent.edu

                    

    

           

Kent 2W (Eric Wertz) -  March began with an active weather pattern.  The month was characterized by normal temperatures and liquid equivalent precipitation, but well above normal snowfall totaling 20.2".  measurable liquid equivalent precipitation fell on 15 days with measurable snowfall recorded on 9 days.  heavy snowfall of 7.6" fell over the 2 day period on the 1st and 2nd in conjunction with a strong low pressure system.  Another period of daily snow occurred from the 8th - 13th totaling 12.5".  Snow depths reached 9" on the 2nd.  Thunder was noted on the 7th with freezing drizzle late on the 24th and fog on the 27th.  One advisory was issued.  lake Erie warmed from 34 - 35 degrees F.

Kidron 1N (Ronald Hahn) -  March was 3 degrees colder than average and below normal in precip by 1.44".  Except for traces, all snow fell in the first half of the month, and snowfall was above normal by more than 2".

Ottawa 4E (Phil & Bonnie Higley) Come in wet & Cold & went out Warm & dry..


Perrysville 4W (Katie Gerwig) -  Near Normal temps and precip for March.  At least a trace of snow o ground for 15 of first 16 days.  Precip fell on 8 days of the month.  Low of 8 4h and 14th and a High of 71 on the 30th.

Ravenna 1SE (Gary Locke)  March was a relatively dry month with the latter half of the month being snowless.  No severe weather was experienced during the month and there was only one thunderstorm day.  Total seasonal snowfall is 66.5" as of end of month.

Springfield (Dick Groeber) Very cool month with periods of warmth at midmonth and at the end. Temperature highs mainly in the 30s and 40s with lows mostly in the teens and 20s.  Snow fell during the first half with rainfall light with a midmonth dry period.
Barometric pressure was low accounting for number of precipitation dates.
March winds strongest early.

Thompson 5SW (Vance Lunn)-  The first half of March was colder than January was.  Low Temperatures freque dropped to the single digits and even dropping below zero.  Temperatures slowly moderated during the second half, but with no very mild weather until the last two days.  The seasonal snowpack persisted through March 29th for 109 days of continuous trace or more snowcover (Dec. 11, 2004 to Mar. 29, 2005), and there was enough snow for cross-country skiing on Easter.  Greastest snow depth was 23 inches on the 3rd.  There was one freezing rain event on the 23rd with 1/8 inch ice accumulation.

Wooster 7N (Jack Sisler) March was cold and wet. Mean temperatures were almost four degrees below normal. I had a record low of two degrees on the 14th breaking the previous record for the date set in 1993. Precipitation was over an inch above normal making the yearly total more than four inches above normal thus far.
 

      

OWON # Station Mean Max Temp Mean Min Temp Mean Temp High Temp Date Low Temp Date Total Prec Max 24hr Prec Date

#

Prec Days

Total Snow Max 24hr Snow Date #  1"+ Snow Days Max Wind Gust Date
119 Akron 1W 42.6 25.7 32.1 72 30th 11 3rd 1.66 0.36 19,20 15 13.1 3.2 2nd 5 34 6th
A Akron-Canton 41.1 24.2 32.6 70 30th 8 4th 2.11 0.42 28th 15 10.1 2.9 12th 4 40 31st
82 Centerville 1W 45.6 27.8 36.7 76 30th 13 9th 3.43 1.59 28th 9 3.1 2.6 5th 1 39 12th
A Cincinnati 47.8 30.1 38.9 77 30th 15 9,10 4.09 1.87 28th 14 3.0 1.1 12th 1 39 12th
13 Cincinnati 5NW 49.3 30.2 39.7 80 30th 17 3,10 4.41 2.48 28th 15 2.8 1.3 12th 1    
A Cleveland 39.9 25.2 32.5 71 30th 7 3rd 1.66 0.4 1st 14 19.8 5.8 1st 7 43 31st
55 Cleves 3NW 48.7 29.3 39.0 78 30th 17 9,10 4.13 2.76 27,28 13 2.6 1.2 11,12 1 31 30th
A Columbus 45.2 29.1 37.1 75 30th 13 9th 3.53 1.45 28th 15 8.6 2.9 1st 4 39 7,31
A Dayton 44.4 27.3 35.9 74 30th 13 10th 2.31 0.83 28th 12 3.0 2.1 1st 1 40 6,7
22 Kent 2E 42.5 24.1 33.3 71 30th 3 4th 2.0 0.32 20th 14 20.6 4.6 1st 6 20 31st
430 Kent 2W 41.7 23.3 32.5 70 30th 5 4,14 2.06 0.28 23rd 15 20.2 4.4 2nd 7 35 31st
2 Kidron 1N 44.3 26.0 35.2 74 30th 6 3rd 1.52 0.52 28th 14 9.0 1.6 1,9,12 4 33 7th
87 Lagrange 2SW 43.1 23.5 33.3 69 31st 6 2nd 1.48 0.35 1st 12 14.6 3.4 8th 7 41 31st
A Mansfield 40.2 24.7 32.5 69 30th 8 9,10 2.5 0.55 28th 15 16.3 6.4 1st 5 44 31st
51 Middleburg Heights  2N               1.57 0.59 1st 15 21.0 8.0 1st 7    
32 North Ridgeville 1N 43.5 24.1 33.8 73 30th 2 3rd 1.84 0.31 1st 14 16.8 4.0 1,2 6 31 7,31
106 Newcomerstown 1S 48.1 27.4 37.8 74 30,31 12 3,4 1.81 0.83 27,28 13 8.7 4.5 1,2 4 31 12th
15 Ottawa 4E 43.4 26 34.7 73 30th 6 3rd 1.2 0.39 23rd 13 3.8 2.0 1st 2 44 31st
79 Perrysville 4W 43.8 26.2 35 71 30th 8 4,14 2.31 0.85 28th 8 11.1 4.2 1st 4    
101 Ravenna 1E 44.9 26.6 35.7 74 30th 10 14th 1.0 0.24 20th 13 14.6 4.05 2 5th 28 7th
121 Ravenna 1SE 43.0 20.8 31.9 76 30th 2 3rd 1.77 0.24 23rd 16 17.9 5 1st 7    
33 Rockbridge 4W                                  
1 Springfield 2 45 28 37 75 30 16 10 2.76 0.95 28th 13 4.8 2.2 3rd 4 34 1st
112 Sugarcreek 2SW 44.7 26.5 35.6 72 30th 3 3rd 1.78 0.64 28th 17 6.9 2.4 12th 4 36 31st
98 Thompson 5SW 38.9 20.8 29.9 69 30,31 -2.0 14th 1.82 0.36 1st 18 31.1 9.0 2nd 7 21 6,7
117 Tiltonsville                                  
A Toledo 42.2 25.6 33.9 74 30th 10 3rd 0.8 0.26 1st 9 7.5 3.8 1st 3 47 31st
16 Wooster 7N 42.8 23.7 33.2 71 29,30 2 14th 4.09 0.55 28th 19 10.3 3.5 12th 4 42 7th
A Youngstown 40.7 23.8 32.3 72 31st 7 14th 1.64 0.3 23rd 15 10.7 2.7 1st 4 38 7th
OWON # Station Mean Max Temp Mean Min Temp Mean Temp High Temp Date Low Temp Date Total Prec Max 24hr Prec Date

#

Prec Days

Total Snow Max 24hr Snow Date #  1"+ Snow Days Max Wind Gust Date

 = Airport

                         

 From: Don K  
Date: Tue Mar 1, 2005 3:48 pm
Subject: February 2005
 

OWON Number:
 
Station Name:
 
Month/Year (mm/yr):
 
Mean Maximum Temp:
 
Mean Minimum Temp:
 
Mean Temp:
 
Highest Temp:
 Date: 
Lowest Temp:
 Date: 
Total Precipitation:
 
Maximum 24hr Precip:
 Date: 
Number of Precip Days:
 
Total Snowfall:
 
Maximum 24hr Snow:
 Date: 
Number of 1"+ Snow Days:
 
Max Wind Gust:
 Date: 
The average high was +0.1 degrees; the average low was -0.3 degrees and the mean
temperature was -0.1
degrees, or in other words, the temperatures were basically normal. However,
snowfall and precipitation
totals were below normal. Snowfall was -3.0" and precipitation was -1.00". Quite
a contrast from January,
which was well above normal in precipitation amounts. It wasn't a particularly
windy month. I'm really
surprised temperatures didn't average higher than they did, as it seemed milder
than normal much of the
month. Seasonal snowfall (04-05) through February 28th 2005 has been just 21.2".
What does March have in
store for us

Date: Tue Mar 1, 2005 7:01 pm
Subject: Snow Totals
 



It would appear that snowfall forecasts were greatly overestimated
for much of the state. Synoptic snowfall amounts I saw were under 4
inches with the 4-inch amounts occuring in four or five counties in
the extreme northeastern corner of the state.

As of 7 p.m. I've had a storm total of 2.8 inches with a lot of
blowing and drifting. Numerous accidents have occured in this area
especially in the last four or five hours. Wayne County was put
under a Level 2 emergency just before 6 p.m.

Jack Sisler
Wooster 7N
Wayne County


Date: Tue Mar 1, 2005 8:15 pm
Subject: Statistics for February - Ravenna 1SE
 


Hi All:

Now that we are in the home stretch for bringing winter to a close (ya,
right!), here are my less than inspiring numbers for February. Looking
outside, I think Vance sent some of his weather down to Ravenna.

Mean High Temp - 39.14
Mean Low Temp - 18.57
Mean Temp - 28.86
High Temp - 64 on 2/15/05
Low Temp - 5 on 2/25/05
Total Precip - 2.93
Total Precip Days - 16
Total Snowfall - 12.6"
Highest 24 hr Rainfall - 0.89 on 2/20/05
Highest 24 hr Snowfall - 4.0" on 2/28/05

February here was similar to last year temperature-wise but this year it
was wetter and snowier. My total seasonal snowfall through the end of
the month is 48.6".

Gary Locke
Ravenna 1SE
OWON #121


Date: Tue Mar 1, 2005 9:05 pm
Subject: Ohio's NWS offices
 


Group,
Regarding the recent discussion of this latest winter storm and the five NWS
offices that forecast for Ohio.
Two years ago I was a student at Ohio University (Athens) and worked at the
university's Scalia Lab for
Atmospheric Analysis. I spent a lot of time in the lab, most often when there
was the threat of severe weather
(winter, thunderstorms, etc.). I can remember many times when there was a chance
of heavy rain (usually from
thunderstorms), and the Pittsburgh NWS Office issued a flash-flood watch for its
counties in east-central OH, while
usually the Charleston, West Virginia, NWS Office would not issue a watch for
its counties in southeastern Ohio. I
am wondering if this tendency to issue a watch is a result of the flash flooding
in Shadyside (Belmont County) in
June 1990 in which 26 people died. Perhaps the Pittsburgh Office thinks it is
better to be on the side of caution and
issue a watch.
With this latest winter storm in Ohio, on Monday it looked unusual to see all of
Pittsburgh's counties under a winter
storm warning, Charleston's northern counties (e.g., Athens, Morgan) under a
winter weather advisory and southern
counties (e.g., Lawrence, Gallia) under no advisory, all of Cleveland's counties
under a winter weather advisory,
North Webster's (Indiana) under a winter storm warning, and parts of
Wilmington's county warning area under a
winter weather advisory and other parts under a winter storm warning. On a map,
it looked like a discontinuity. Is
there coordination among offices in a situation like this or is it every office
for itself?
By "discontinuity," I mean, for example, why is Morgan County (in Charleston's
county warning area) under a
winter weather advisory, while the county immediately to the north, Muskingum
(in Pittsburgh's county warning
area), under a winter storm warning? Are the weather conditions really that
different between the two counties, or is
it just because different offices are forecasting their weather?
Shawn Trueman
Anoka, MN
native of Sandusky, OH

Date: Thu Mar 3, 2005 4:46 am
Subject: [Fwd: Camera 1 - Euclid Private Residence.jpg]
 


List:

Attached is a nice photo of the ice and ice ridges on Lake Erie off
Euclid (just east of Cleveland) about a week ago. It is from a lake cam
at www.lakevision.com/.

In response to Shawn's question, the NWS offices are supposed to be
coordinated about watches and warnings and to a lesser extent,
advisories. We always discuss them with neighboring offices. In a first
period forecast there can occasionally be a discrepancy since ultimately
we sometimes agree to disagree.

Also, be wary of the criteria for events. For example, Wilmington
requires 4 or 5 inches for a winter storm warning whereas we require 6
inches in northern Ohio. This makes meteorological sense but is not
always obvious to the general public.

Jim Kosarik
NWS Cleveland


Date: Thu Mar 3, 2005 8:29 am
Subject: Re: 3 March 2005 7:00 AM Snow Report



Doug:

We've been beaten to death with small amounts since Monday; 0.9
28th, 1.9 1st, 0.7 2nd, 0.7 3rd. Most of this with the squalls off
the lakes that just happened to make it this far south.

Curious as to where your 146" seasonal total so far stands with
previous years?

Jack
Wooster 7N


Date: Thu Mar 3, 2005 10:42 am
Subject: Re: [OhioWx] Re: 3 March 2005 7:00 AM Snow Report
 


Jack,
I'm at work right now (I teach at Kent State - Geauga Branch). When I get home
after my morning class I will email
you my snow records since 1991-92, the first year I lived here. I know 14 is an
inadequate sample size statistically
speaking but I am above the 14 year average now. I think the average is around
135". I do know that this year is
nowhere near 1995-96, when I recorded about 200" for the year.
Doug
Hambden Twp.


Date: Thu Mar 3, 2005 12:55 pm
Subject: Re: [OhioWx] [Fwd: Camera 1 - Euclid Private Residence.jpg]
 


Hello Jim;
Thanks for posting the link to the webcams. I browsed it this morning and found
it interesting.
I asked a question on the skywarn e-mail list I belong to for Skywarn observers
for the NWS PIT WFO, and no one
has been able to answer it yet. Maybe you can. I know in southern Ohio a WS
Warning is issued for 4+ inches of
snow in 24 hours, and 6+ inches in northern Ohio. My question is this... where
is the geographical "line" so to speak
that divides northern Ohio from southern Ohio? Is it along the I-70 area? I'm
curious.
Don Keating

Date: Thu Mar 3, 2005 1:12 pm
Subject: Hambden Twp. Snow Records
 


Jack,
I pasted this into the email from excel. The formatting didn't translate well
with the paste. Since
this looks kind of funky, I also have attached the excel file in which I keep
these records which
is a lot clearer than this! Let me know whether or not you get this. I am not
sure if the attached
file will work if I mass mail it to all in the group. If not, I can email it to
you directly...















month
Sept
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May

Season
ft./season

season














91-92


T
11.5
27.0
43.5
13.0
34.5
8.5


138.0
11.5

92-93


5.0
16.5
41.5
23.5
40.0
35.0
2.0


163.5
13.6

93-94


4.5
6.2
58.7
39.2
33.6
12.6
4.3
T

159.1
13.3

94-95


T
2.0
3.5
28.0
35.7
8.9
2.8


81.0
6.7

95-96


T
35.7
65.3
34.5
22.2
35.1
7.3
T

200.1
16.7

96-97


T
76.7
16.8
34.7
13.6
16.1
4.7


162.6
13.6

97-98


2.5
20.6
26.5
7.9
1.1
17.0



75.6
6.3

98-99



0.3
20.8
43.2
16.0
24.5
T


104.8
8.7

99-00


T
10.4
21.7
44.5
12.8
6.7
5.1


101.2
8.4

00-01


3.4
26.1
56.8
28.7
15.2
33.5
T


163.7
13.6

01-02


0.3
T
13.9
10.8
28.8
18.8
2.2


74.8
6.2

02-03



15.3
26.7
70.4
37.5
10.2
0.6


160.7
13.4

03-04


1.0
6.3
54.9
62.4
11.0
31.5
5.3


172.4
14.4

04-05


T
1.5
63.1
42.6
24.4
14.4



146.0
12.2
















mo. avg.


2.8
17.6
35.5
36.7
21.8
21.3
4.3
0.0

135.2
11.3

cu. avg.


2.8
20.4
55.9
92.6
114.4
135.8
140.0
140.0





Any discrepancies in the averages are due to rounding noise.
Doug Brady
Hambden Twp.















Date: Thu Mar 3, 2005 7:52 pm
Subject: Monthly Weather Posts/Weather Computer Model Link

 

 

Group:

First, thanks for everyones participation and keep up the good work.
We've been coming up with some interesting topics of discussion. All
of this makes it a group effort.

There are a couple of things I'd like to touch on. First, it's nice
to see the monthly reports posted by several of you. However, there
may be a slight problem for those using the OWON submission form
with this group. These appear ok on the OhioWx Group site with no
problem. But at the end of the month when I edit, cut, and paste the
daily posts from the OhioWx Group for the month onto the Ohio
Weather Observer Network daily reports they don't show correctly. I
know most of us usually post our monthly stats directly on the OWON
site anyway but if you want your monthly reports that you post here
to appear on the OWON Monthly Reports section correctly you will
have to type them out in regular text as a regular post. Just
remember you can't send them as attachments either because Yahoo
won't archive them anymore.

Secondly, this next piece of information is directed more towards
those who enjoy weather computer models (Jon, Doug, Don, Matt, Gary,
Rich and whoever else is interested). In the Links section I labeled
a folder called "WEATHER COMPUTER MODELS". In it I've put in three
of my favorite/most often used websites. Most of these contain all
the various kinds of models but their setup, display, etc. are
different. I would like to have any of you add as many as three of
your favorite ones that you use. We can add other sites later but I
don't want to use all of our alloted room just for this particular
subject.

If anyone is confused or has any questions about the above email me
directly; stormwarn1@msn.com. Thankyou.


Jack Sisler
OhioWx Group Moderator


Date: Thu Mar 3, 2005 7:54 pm
Subject: Re: [OhioWx] Re: Hambden Twp. Snow Records
 


Jack,
This has been a strange few years from a snowfall point of
view. Cleveland has had 86.9" so far, making it the 7th
snowiest winter in history for them. Another 3.3" and they
will have had their 5th snowiest season, with number 3 and
4 being the prior two years. January shows a similar
pattern. The past three Januaries are all in the top 4
snowiest. I wonder how this fits in with the global warming
theory??





SEASON


JANUARY


GREATEST


GREATEST


1. 101.1 1995-96


1. 42.8 1978


2. 100.5 1981-82


2. 32.9 2004


3. 95.7 2002-03


3. 32.8 2005


4. 91.2 2003-04


4. 30.3 2003


5. 90.1 1977-78


5. 29.6 1999


6. 88.5 1992-93


6. 28.1 1982


7. 86.9 2004-05


7. 28.0 1910


8. 80.9 1909-10


8. 27.4 1994


9. 79.4 1983-84


9. 25.5 1985


10. 78.1 2000-01


10. 25.1 2000


Doug Brady
Hambden Twp.






Date: Thu Mar 3, 2005 10:08 pm
Subject: Storm summary
 



Well, the storm that was to nail us in a big way, then didn't happen,
then really really happened, has added 20.1" of snow to the tally for
the season. Daily snowfall was Feb. 28: 3.1"; Mar. 1: 6.8"
(w/blowing and drifting snow); 2: 9.0" (also the greatest 24hr
amount); and today, the 3rd: 1.1". Snowfall for March so far is
16.9", and for the season: 171.1".

Vance
Thompson 5 SW (northern Geauga Co.)



Date: Fri Mar 4, 2005 12:28 am
Subject: Ohio Severe Weather Symposium / Stormtrack
 


Hey everyone,

An update on the Symposium. We now have an
advertisement on the main page of StormTrack
(www.stormtrack.org) and there is more info in the
Forums weather and chasing section. If you somehow
have a chance to make this event, it will definitely
be worth it. This will be the greatest one yet,
guarnteed.

April 15 Fawcett Center Auditorium

Jeremy


Date: Fri Mar 4, 2005 9:29 am
Subject: UNREADABLE FORECASTS
 

 

I've commented on this before but I must ask for comment again.
Does anyone else feel that the forecasts as presented below(a cut
and paste of the CVG forecast from NWS Wilmington) are nearly
impossible to follow and not useable. A few weeks ago Jim Kosarik
from NWS Cleveland commented that this is an automated forecast
which often gets too detailed. I feel it is cumbersome at best.
Also, when this type of forecast makes its way onto the weather
radio with the monotones, you can time it with a calender! During
severe weather events the idea of warnings being issued in a timely
fashion goes out the window. Any thoughts?

Ron Rothhaas

Today: A chance of snow and freezing rain before 11am, then a chance
of rain and snow between 11am and noon, then a chance of rain
between noon and 1pm, then a chance of rain showers, mainly between
1pm and 2pm. Cloudy, then gradually becoming partly sunny, with a
high near 43. Southwest wind between 3 and 7 mph. Chance of
precipitation is 30%.

Tonight: Rain and snow showers likely, mainly after 3am. Increasing
clouds, with a low around 32. Calm wind becoming west around 6 mph.
Chance of precipitation is 60%. New snow accumulation of less than
one inch possible.

Saturday: A chance of rain and snow showers, mainly before 9am, then
a slight chance of snow showers between 11am and 1pm. Mostly cloudy,
with a high around 40. Northwest wind between 9 and 11 mph. Chance
of precipitation is 30%. New snow accumulation of less than one inch
possible.


Date: Fri Mar 4, 2005 3:23 pm
Subject: Re: [OhioWx] UNREADABLE FORECASTS
 


Hello Ron;
I agree with you. I think it's virtually impossible to predict weather like that
unless it's updated quite frequently. My
bet would be it is not. I know the Pittsburgh WFO doesn't post its forecasts
like this, yet. I hope they don't. I also
agree with you about timely warnings being issued on a timely manner.
Don Keating

Date: Fri Mar 4, 2005 7:48 pm
Subject: NWS forecast graphic icons


Group,
I want to thank Jim Kosarik at the Cleveland NWS for addressing my concern about
NWS winter warnings and
advisories in the message I sent earlier this week.
I have another question that Jim could address, and I want to know what others
think. The NWS now uses graphical
icons in its forecasts. If you go to the CLE NWS site
(http://www.erh.noaa.gov/er/cle/) and click on a particular
county, you see a nine-period forecast for that location. Under the graphic, it
gives a probability of precipitation. My
question is, if the probability of precipitation is less than 50%, why does the
graphic show precipitation? After all,
odds are that the precipitation won't occur. It would make more sense to have a
graphic that shows the weather
conditions that are MORE likely to occur.
For example, Saturday's daytime forecast for Cuyahoga County shows "Chance of
Snow, High 35 degrees, PoP
30%." Since the PoP is only 30%, instead show a graphic that has clouds without
the snow, since there is a 70%
chance of not getting snow.
Shawn Trueman
Anoka, Minnesota

Date: Fri Mar 4, 2005 8:23 pm
Subject: Re: NWS forecast graphic icons
 



Shawn,

I've always thought the mentioning of POP of less than 50% wasn't
necessary. I think that was something similar to one of those
questions asked in the NOAA survey. You know what's going to happen
though to anyone getting wet when the chances are less than 50% and
it's not mentioned in a forecast. I can hear the screaming now.
Maybe something a little lower? I don't know where one would draw
the line.

Any records kept as to what the percentages were when it did or
didn't rain at the various percentages from 50% and down? That's my
view. Others?

Jack
Wooster 7N


Date: Sat Mar 5, 2005 10:11 am
Subject: Re: NWS forecast graphic icons
 



As a certified arborist who's work can be ruined by an untimely and
unpredicted shower, I need to know if I have that 30% chance of
showers. Actually, I find percentages and icons annoying because
once again they are not useable. I would prefer something like:

Sunny early, then increasing clouds. A couple isolated showers or
thunderstorms possible after 2PM with about 20% coverage.

That would tell me that I'm fine in the AM and keep an eye to the
sky in the PM. Icons and vague percentages, or these computer
generated monstrosities which predict rain showers whether showers
or a hurricane are expected, are useless to me and anyone who
depends on forecasts for their livelihood.

Ron Rothhaas


From: "Jon Seymour"  
Date: Sat Mar 5, 2005 10:54 am
Subject: Cold, maybe snowy pattern to last?
 


I know I seem to post only when something big seems on the horizon, and
often that has backfired... not that the storms didn't happen, they just
ended up much further north. The last storm I feel better about. Anyway, I
like to give ideas on potential, that's all. I don't really make forecasts.
However, the pattern, at least on the models, is looking surprisingly cold
for March. Take the ECMWF 10-day, it's showing a massive cold outbreak for
March and to some degree, GFS, GGEM, etc are also showing a very cold
pattern setting up, putting to end any hope for an early spring. Take a
look at the ECMWF map. If that even close to verifies, we could end up with
a March similar to 1984.


All:

Shawn asked why there was a PoP with less than a 50% and a chance of
precipitation in the NWS Graphical Forecast Icons?

The question has a relatively arbitrary answer. Any Pop less than 100 and
greater than zero is a conditional forecast. Over a period of time and
through a
number of surveys, it was determined that a majority of users find the chance
of
precipitation significant when there is roughly a 20-30% chance for
precipitation. Not coincidentally, this value approaches the daily
climatological value for chance of measurable precipitation in much of the
eastern half of the country although here in the great lakes climatology
exceeds
50% in the winter. Out west where climatology is 10% or less, they post a
graphical forecast Icon with
a 10% Pop. It is NWS Eastern Region policy to mention precipitation (and
assign
an icon) with a Pop of 25% or more. In the first period we will mention
"slight
chance" when appropriate which is a Pop of 15-24%. Some of our graphical
forecasts also post "slight chance" icons even in the extended periods.

Also, Shawn asked how the thresholds were determined for heavy snow criteria
etc. It is much the same. We survey state, county, and local officials and
they
tell us what thresholds they consider significant. The boundaries also to
some
extent follow the forecast office county outlines. In other words,
Wilmington's
5 inch threshold for heavy snow is adjacent to Cleveland's 6 inch threshold
but
climatologically, it is a seemingly reasonable place to draw the line.

Jim Kosarik NWS Cleveland

Date: Sun Mar 6, 2005 8:11 am
Subject: Re: [OhioWx] Cold, maybe snowy pattern to last?
 


Jon,
OK. I had never seen that one and it looked good. The only website I can ever
find that elusive 10-day ECMWF
forecast is this one:
12z run:
http://meteocentre.com/models/ecmwf_amer_12/cep12_9panel.gif
0z run:
http://meteocentre.com/models/ecmwf_amer_00/cep00_9panel.gif
However, the grapchis aren't as good on these as on the one you found. It looks
like the ECMWF is now predicting
an end to the cold somewhere around the middle of March.
Doug
Hambden Twp.


Date: Mon Mar 7, 2005 12:44 pm
Subject: Re: [OhioWx] Cold, maybe snowy pattern to last?
 


Jon;
If you were to look at it realisticly, weather patterns always oscilate. I've
seen it snow in May down here as recently
as just a few years ago. The weather is like oil prices, gas prices, the
economy, there are peaks and valleys.
Why is it that these TV mets always headline a colder or snowy pattern? I see
all of them missed todays forecast
already. Yup, that's what I said, ALL of them. I din't hear or see a single met
or NWS web site predict the 60
degrees I just had an hour ago. You never hear of them saying with a big smile
on their face in April "Sunny skies
and 70 degrees this entire weekend". It's always a straight look. If they have
snow or 25 degree below normal
temperatures in the forecast it's always, with a huge smile on their faces "MUCH
COLDER TEMPERATURES
AND SNOW IS IN THE FORECAST FOR THE NEXT SEVERAL DAYS!!!".
Frankly I'm getting tired of seeing the TV mets and others with a big smile on
their faces when it's going to be
colder than normal and snowy. They act like the World is ending though when we
have normal or above normal
temperatures, even if just for a day. I always thought TV reporters and mets
were to report things in an unbiast
manner... some of them obviously do not, and it's getting to be a turnoff to
some of us. Enough already.
Don Keating

Date: Mon Mar 7, 2005 1:04 pm
Subject: Re: Cold, maybe snowy pattern to last?
 



Hopefully you aren't too serious about not understanding why TV mets
hype inclemment wx. After all, it generates ratings. Hurricanes
put TWC on the map, not partly cloudy. Dan Rather gained
considerable fame by standing on a beach in a hurricane. I'm not
recommending it but it worked. About the only thing to do if you
don't like it is turn it off. That's why I admire the Amish.
That's what they do. They still have weather, too. It is nice to
hear tornado warnings, though.

Ron Rothhaas


Date: Mon Mar 7, 2005 1:21 pm
Subject: Re: [OhioWx] Re: Cold, maybe snowy pattern to last?
 


Ron;
Of course I'm not serious. What I am serious about is a certain TV mets attitude
on WCMH TV 4 in Columbus who
practically drolls at the hint of the slightest flurries, be it in January or
July. Some of us do like nice weather. I'd like
to ship off the guys and gals to the North Pole who want snow and cold 24/7/365.
LOL. Enough of the negative.
Does anyone look forward to spring or summer anymore?
Don


Date: Tue Mar 8, 2005 8:19 am
Subject: Weather Change
 



Yesterday was nice but short-lived. Had a high of 57 around 3 p.m.
then the rain and a few thunderstorms moved in. The temperature
dropped from the 57 at 3 p.m. to 26 at 11 p.m. This morning had 0.2
inches of snow.

Don, my answer to your question will always be I'll take the warm
over the cold any day. My youngest son has been working in Memphis
since January and he makes it a point to call once a week to say
it's always about 20 to 30 degrees warmer down there and they're
having a barbecue, washing the car, etc. I'll be thinking of him
about July with all the heat and humidity down there.

Jack
Wooster 7N


Date: Tue Mar 8, 2005 12:32 pm
Subject: RE: [OhioWx] Weather Change
 


Personally, I love all kinds of weather, be it cold or hot, pleasant and
sunny, or blizzard conditions. If you're always looking to the next season,
especially if you like warm weather all the time, then Ohio is certainly not
for you. Me, I like distinct seasons.

Jon


From: "Bridget and Ron"  
Date: Wed Mar 9, 2005 12:48 pm
Subject: SO YOU YHINK YOU'VE GOT IT BAD?
 



Those of you who think you have it bad this winter may want to
consider the morning weather report from the summit of Mt.
Washington, New Hampshire, below.  is a cool
website! Ron R.


Temp
-22.9oF Wind
W98 MPH Gust
111 MPH WC
-64oF

Observer's Comments:

10:11 AM Wed Mar 09, 2005 EST



What's cooler than being cool...!
Yesterday
Daytime peak wind.20mph
Daytime high.29F

Sharp Cold Front.
Largest 30 minutes temperature drop: 15F
Current temperature: -24
Low pressure: 762.4mb / 22.51 inches
Peak gust: 117mph
24 hour difference in peak and lull: 108 mph.
Lowest Visibility: 25 Feet

Observer stats:
Lowest wind chill: -76
Number of unsuccessful runs to the precip can: 1 (so far)
Hours spent shoveling the same doorway: Still at it.
Biggest NEW snow drift: 7 Feet
Total staff hours of sleep: 5!
Broken Crowbars: 1!

Figuring out that you can't keep your feet grounded by tower
railing...Priceless

WHAT A STORM!!!

Jim Salge - Observer


From: "Bridget and Ron"  
Date: Wed Mar 9, 2005 12:50 pm
Subject: Related website
 



Those interested in visuals can check out the related cool website
below. Ron R.

http://www.mountwashington.org/cam/deck/index.php


Date: Fri Mar 11, 2005 8:05 am
Subject: Clippered To Death
 

 

Received another round of small accumulative, but very wet snow
overnite; 1.5 inches. This makes it the fourth day in a row I've had
from .5 to 1.5 24-hour amounts. However, with the higher sun angle
this time of year it doesn't stay around long.

Jack Sisler
Wooster 7N
Wayne County


Date: Fri Mar 11, 2005 1:55 pm
Subject: Re: Clippered To Death
 



We're getting the same, more like 0.5 per day. Today is another NWS
twilight zone day. We've had continuous light wet snow since 8AM
with a few heavier snow showers. When I looked at the forcast at
2PM it said a 30% chance of a scattered snow shower. HELLO!!!!!!!
Is there any intelligent life at Wilmington?

Ron Rothhaas


Date: Sat Mar 12, 2005 7:56 am
Subject: Snow, Snow, Snow
 



You can't go by the calendar when it comes to weather in Ohio and
March is no exception. Got up this morning with another blanket of
snow on the ground; 2.6 inches the past 12 hours as of 7 a.m. with 5
inches on the ground.This put total snowfall for March at 9.4 inches
which is a little under two inches of what I had for all of January
and a little over four inches of what I had for February. Total for
the season is 43.9 inches.

Haven't heard if Cleveland broke their all-time seasonal snowfall
record or not.

Jack
Wooster 7N



Date: Sat Mar 12, 2005 6:33 pm
Subject: RE: [OhioWx] Snow, Snow, Snow
 


Jack, Cleveland is at 98.3" through 5pm today. They are about 3" away, so
it seems very likely they will meet and break the record before the month is
out. Snow has not been any problem this winter. The story here in central
and southern Ohio, though, is the cold. Per ILN today, Columbus and
Cincinnati are at their 3rd coldest March and Dayton is at its 2nd coldest.
Pretty amazing considering that the winter overall has been warmer than
normal. Last week, it looked like spring would arrive on time per models...
now they are again backtracking with the ECMWF, which previously was showing
a Lakes storm next week and a warmup now takes the storm well south and east
of the state, cancelling any major pattern change at least through the
period. Will be interesting to see how it plays out and where this March
ranks historically for Ohio.

Jon



Date: Mon Mar 14, 2005 7:51 am
Subject: Record Low
 



I had a record low of 2 degrees @ 6:40 a.m. this morning breaking
the previous record of 9 degrees set in 1993. I'm sure the 3 inches
of snow cover contributed to the cold temperatures.

I think Ma Nature has her seasons confused. This time last year in
March we already had a few days with highs in the upper 60's and
lower 70's.

Jack Sisler

Wooster 7N
Wayne County


Date: Mon Mar 14, 2005 9:33 am
Subject: Re: [OhioWx] Record Low
 


Hello Jack;
I'm sure that cold reading was helped along by your three inches of snow
cover. Down here we have no snow on the ground and my low this morning was
only 15 degrees. Still pretty chilly for mid-March. Just a year ago Saturday
(March 12th) I recorded a high of only 29 degreres with a low of 22. We were
still in for an additional 4.1" of snowfall for the remainder of the month
too. On March 5th last year we had a high of 76. Oh what a fickle month we
are in. Ma Nature just needs to be kicked out of the country if you ask me!
Don Keating #106
Newcomerstown 1S
Tuscarawas County

Date: Wed Mar 16, 2005 3:59 pm
Subject: A Dry First Half...
 


Well, according to my records, all of the snow we've had has only totaled
0.35" of liquid content. I have yet to have measureable rainfall during the
month of March. Snowfall has been 8.7" showing that there has indeed been a
low moisture content to the snowfall.
I'm wondering how the second half of March will turn out and if this might be
an indication to a longterm pattern change, being drier than normal. Your
thoughts?
Don Keating

Date: Wed Mar 16, 2005 7:20 pm
Subject: Re: A Dry First Half...
 



Don,

The two of us appear to be pretty equal on snowfall this month. I've
had 9.8 inches up to this point for the month. As for rainfall, I
received .3 of an inch of rainfall back on the 7th when the
temperature got up to 57 degrees. I don't recollect what transpired
about that time that you didn't receive any rainfall about the same
time with us only being about 40 miles apart as the crow flies.

As for the long-range outlook, at this time, temperatures appear to
moderate up through next week. Of course this is what they were
telling us about this week a week ago. (ha, ha). Looks like both the
ECMWF and GFS are agreeing to keeping the 500mb winds on more of a
zonal flow. May have to watch for a low developing around the Gulf
coast around the middle of next week but that's down the road. I
think the absence of an upper low over Quebec that we've been stuck
with for more than a week will help ease up on the northwesterly
flow.

Snow is pretty much gone as of this evening after having a four inch
snow depth all weekend. Any guesses from anyone if Cleveland breaks
their snowfall record?

Jack
Wooster 7N


Date: Wed Mar 16, 2005 8:32 pm
Subject: Re: [OhioWx] Re: A Dry First Half...
 


Hi Jack;
I'm not sure what transpired on the 7th that we didn't get rainfall, but you
did. I know that I no longer use the tipping guage that Davis sells or sends
with their weather stations. I am now taking manual readings in the large
clear plastic guage that has an inner tube graduated to 1/100th of an inch. I
do recall that event, but also seem to recall the system moved through here
on the dry side.
I personally think, and now, hope that the CLE NWS breaks the record
snowfall. So close, why not? :-)
Don Keating

Date: Sun Mar 20, 2005 11:38 pm
Subject: NEOCAMS Spring Meeeting - April 16th
James.Kosarik@noaa.gov
 


It is time for the Spring meeting of the Northeast Ohio Chapter
of the American Meteorological Society. As usual, we try to
emphasize severe weather in the spring meeting.

Meeting Date/Time:
Saturday, April 16th, at 11:00 AM.
Community Room, Brunswick Library, Brunswick Ohio (Medina County)
Speaker: Michael Dutter, Senior Meteorologist, NWS Cleveland
Topic: The Crawford County, PA Tornado of 25 May 2004:
Using Near-Storm Environment Data as an Aide to Increase
Warning Lead Time.

Directions: The Brunswick Library is right off Route 303 in
Brunswick, just off Interstate 71.

From the north, south and east - take I-71 to the Route 303 exit
(Exit # 226). Head west on route 303 for about almost a mile.
Look for a sign on the right (north side) for the Brunswick
Campus. It is a collection of city buildings on Center Street
at a traffic light across from a Tops Plaza.

From the west - take 303 into Brunswick, after you cross Route 42,
go about a mile and look for a sign on the left (north side) of 303
across from a Tops Plaza for the Brunswick Campus. It is a
collection of city buildings on Center Street.

The Brunswick Library is the first building of the campus on the
left on Center Street with parking adjacent. The community room
is on your right after you enter the library.

Please join us for this exciting meeting.

Jim Kosarik - President
Ronald Hahn - Vice President
Steve Bremkamp - Secretary
Dick Vader - Treasurer


Date: Tue Mar 22, 2005 8:05 am
Subject: 2005 National Severe Weather Workshop Highlights
 



You can go to the following web address at the Severe Storms
Prediction Center to view this years presentations. These
presentations are in PPT and/or PDF format so you can download them
and read them later if you want.

http://www.spc.noaa.gov/misc/NSWW05/


Date: Fri Mar 25, 2005 8:28 am
Subject: Passing of Larry Huff
 



Group:

Below is an email I received that was sent by Jim Kosarik, President
of NEOCAMS (Northeast Ohio Chapter American Meteorological Society)
and Ohio Weather Group member. It is the obituary on Larry Huff who
passed away on March 23, 2005. I will also add that people may sign
the guestbook at www.ohio.com/obituaries.

I also read of his passing in the newspaper and was shocked and
saddened. I knew Larry was not in good health for quite some time.
He and I talked and visited on many occasions. Larry was the founder
and publisher of the OWON (Ohio Weather Observer Network) which
began in 1993. He was also the first owner/moderator of the OhioWx
Group (List) that began in August, 1999.

In his memory I would like to make Larry a permanent member of the
Ohio Weather Group.

I don't think there could be a more fitting resting place for a man
who loved weather the way Larry did. Our prayers and thoughts are
with Larry and his family.

Jack Sisler
OhioWx Group Moderator


Dear NEOCAMS members:

It is with great sorry that I have to report that Larry Huff, long
time
NEOCAMS member, passed away Wednesday evening. Larry was the NEOCAMS
secretary as recently as one year ago. His enthusiasm for the
weather,
his friends and his family was seemingly unlimited. He will be
missed.

A copy of the obituary from the Akron Beacon Journal follows...

Larry R. Huff

"Precious in the sight of the Lord is the death of His saints" Psalm
116:15

MUNROE FALLS Larry R. Huff, 61, surrounded by his family, went home
to
be with his Lord March 23, 2005.

Larry was born on August 16, 1943 in Bloomingburg, Ohio, son of
Robert
E. and Mary Eleanor Ashbaugh Huff. A true servant, he served his
country, his family and his Lord Jesus Christ. Among many things
that he
did, he loved weather and model trains. He was a co-op weather
observer
for the National Weather Service from 1993 and was founding
publisher of
the Ohio Weather Journal. For may years, Larry owned his own print
shop
in Cuyahoga Falls and in more recent years, worked as a printing
salesman for Western Reserve Printing in Hudson.

Preceded in death by his grandparents, Arlie and Mable Ashbaugh and
Thomas and Clara Huff, and infant daughter, Anne Louise, he is
survived
by his parents; his sister and brother-in-law, Sharon and Bill Brown;
his loving wife of 41 years, Beverly; his sons, Bradley and Jim Huff;
his daughters and their husbands, Sarah and Tom Hazel, Rachel and
Scott
Clark, and Mary and Chris Dunn. He will be greatly missed by his
grandchildren, Michael and Kyle Hazel and April and Sean Clark.

Friends may call Saturday 1 to 4 p.m. at Redmon Funeral Home, where
Pastor Les Sutherland will conduct services at 4 p.m. Burial at
Bloomingburg Cemetery. In lieu of flowers, memorials can be made to
the
family. (REDMON, STOW, 330- 688-6631.)

Published in the Akron Beacon Journal on 3/25/2005.

The Redmon Funeral Home is at 3633 Darrow Road (Route 91) in Stow
330-688-6631.

Jim Kosarik - President
Ronald Hahn - Vice President
Steve Bremkamp - Secretary
Dick Vader - Treasurer


Date: Sat Mar 26, 2005 3:22 pm
Subject: Re: Larry Huff
 



Don,

Thanks for sending the photos. I put them in a folder labeled "Larry
Huff" in the Photos section. If anyone else has photos of/with Larry
put them in that folder. However, try and keep the file size as
small as possible since we are running critically low on our alloted
space in the Photos section. Anyone that currently has some photos
in the Photo section want to volunteer to take some out to make some
additional room please do so. I emailed Yahoo about the problem a
few days ago on their "Feedback" form to give us some more space.

I'm trying to put some other stuff together to send. I even found my
copy of the Volume 1, Number 1 issue of the Ohio Weather Observer
Network. Was going to send a copy of it along. I figure the family
can keep what they want and disperse with the rest.

For those of us back in the AAWO days does anyone have a current
address of Steve Steinke? I heard from Steve via email a few years
ago. He is (was) living somewhere in Arizona but don't have an
address. Was going to let him know about the passing of Larry. Any
help?

Thanks for everyones contributions. Anyone who knew Larry that
haven't commented yet please do so. I thought I would pass these
along as well.

Jack Sisler
Wooster 7N


Date: Sun Mar 27, 2005 4:55 am
Subject: Larry Huff
 


All:

I figured we could do something as a group (NEOCAMS) in memory of Larry. My
first thought was that at the next meeting we could all sign a card for his
family. We could donate some money ($25 or so) toward his favorite charity,
or
we could have some sort of plaque made, which I believe Jack suggested, which
is
a good
idea.

Obviously we can't break the NEOCAMS bank but as long as the group votes in
the
affirmative, we could spend club money. If we are going to donate both to
charity and get a plaque, maybe we should take up a special collection of a
few
dollars from everyone?

Let me know what you guys want to do and if there are any other ideas. Even
though we will not get together until April 16th, I think it will still be
timely enough?

Thanks,
Jim Kosarik


Date: Sat Mar 27, 2004 9:08 pm
Subject: Hocking Co. Rainfall.
 


Total rainfall today(Monday)here at my home in northwest Hocking County
through 6:00 p.m. was 1.62". This location is four miles west of
Rockbridge
and the Hocking River.
Jim Fry
Rockbridge 4W
OWON #33


Date: Mon Mar 28, 2005 10:20 pm
Subject: Heavy rain
 



Heavy rainfall
3/27-3/28/2005
Total: 2.60
About 2 inches fell overnight pushing the Little Miami and Great Miami
rivers to minor flooding levels.

Ronald E. Rothhaas Jr.
Cincinnati


Date: Tue Mar 29, 2005 8:49 am
Subject: Larry Huff Donations
 



Group:

First, I think it's great to read all the warm responses from
everyone in regards to Larry and to hear some of the ideas on what
to do in his rememerance from the group.

Jim Kosarik and I have been in contact with each other the last few
days discussing the issue of donations to be used as some kind of
memorial for the Larry Huff family in honor of Larry. The first step
is to try and collect the money followed by discussion on what to
get with the donations. At the moment, we think that asking for
donations both from NEOCAMS and from individuals in the OhioWx Group
and pooling them together seems to make the most sense. Larry
belonged to both groups. Jim feels trying to use dues money from the
NEOCAMS treasury would create problems. The OhioWx Group of course
has no "treasury". Therefore, donations would seem to make the most
sense. One of the positives we see in pooling the donations from
both groups is that it would make for a more appropriate gift. I
realize some of us belong to both groups and some of us don't so
we're trying to do this in such a way know one will be left out.

On behalf of NEOCAMS, Jim is going to bring this up at their next
meeting Saturday, April 16. As for the OhioWx Group, I would like to
see what direction the group might be willing to go with this and to
see what kind of response there will be. Therefore, I'm going to
conduct a poll on the OhioWx Group site with the following question:

"Would you be willing to make a monetary donation in conjunction
with the Northeast Ohio Chapter American Meteorological Society
(NEOCAMS) to be used in acquiring something as a memorial to the
Larry Huff family?"

Click on the "Polls" section at the left to do the poll. The poll
will conclude Monday, April, 11, 2005.

Jim suggests that anyone who thinks they will be at the next NEOCAMS
meeting that they may be able to give their donations at that time
if the issue is approved. We will try and work things out on how
people can send their donations by other means. We should have
additional information as time goes along. Thanks to everyone.

Jack Sisler
OhioWx Group Moderator


From: Jeremy Bower  
Date: Wed Mar 30, 2005 7:25 pm
Subject: 2005 Ohio Severe Weather Symposium Final Schedule
 


April 15, 2005 Ohio State Fawcett Center
twister.sbs.ohio-state.edu

2005 OHIO SEVERE WEATHER SYMPOSIUM
7:30 a.m. - 8:00 a.m. check-in/coffee

8:15 a.m. - 8:50 a.m. Robin Belton-Gerhardt
(Wilmington, OH NWSFO)
"An Examination of the January 2005 Flooding Across
the NWS Wilmington, Ohio Hydrological Service Area"

8:50 a.m. - 9:25 a.m. Joe Heim (Senior Hydrologist,
Ohio River Forecast Center)
"Operational Quantitative Precipitation Estimation
Bias in the OHRFC Region"

9:35 a.m. - 10:10 a.m. Rick McCoy (Director of
Emergency Management, Van Wert County, OH)
"A Community Prepared, the Van Wert, Ohio Tornado"

10:10 a.m. - 10:50 a.m. Harold Brooks (National Severe
Storms Laboratory)
"Climatological Aspects Of Convective Parameters From
The NCAR/NCEP Reanalysis"

12:00 p.m. - 12:45 p.m. Tim Vasquez (WeatherGraphics)
FORECAST SCHOOL

1:15 p.m. - 2:00 p.m. Dr. Louis Uccellini (Director,
National Centers for Environmental Prediction)
"NCEP Update"

2:00 p.m. - 2:45 p.m. Dan McCarthy (Warning
Coordination Meteorologist, Storm Prediction Center)
"40th Anniversary of the Palm Sunday Tornado Outbreak
and How It Changed Tornado Preparedness"

3:00 p.m. - 3:45 p.m. Dr. Josh Wurman (Center for
Severe Weather Research)
"DOW observations of Tornadoes, Hurricanes and Fires"

3:45 p.m. - 4:00 p.m. closing Q&A


Date: Wed Mar 30, 2005 10:44 pm
Subject: end of the seasonal snowpack
 



I recorded zero snow depth today for the first time since December 10,
2004.This makes for a winter snowpack endurance of a trace or more of
109 days (December 11, 2004 to March 29, 2005). We had 1 inch or more
continuous snow depth for 40 days from Feb. 16, 2005 to March 27th,
2005. Also we had a stretch of 17 days of 10 inches or more from Dec.
14th to Dec. 30th, 2004. I went cross country skiing on Easter
weekend. This is the latest the winter snowpack has persisted in the
three seasons I've been taking detailed records here. Two seasons ago
the last day was March 20th, and last season the last day was March 5th.

Today's high was 69, and the low was 40. Currently it is 58.4.

Vance
Thompson 5 SW

From: "Vance Lunn"  
Date: Wed Mar 30, 2005 11:23 pm
Subject: Easter Ice Island, a photo
 



On Easter Sunday afternoon, I went for a hike at Headlands Beach State
Park. I saw some interesting sights and formations as the Lake Erie
ice cover slowly melts away. One of the most interesting were
these "ice islands" located 50 to 100 feet off shore. I've visited
here periodically throughout the winter and knew these to be remnants
of large ridges that had formed during the formation of the ice cover
in mid-winter. THese were not floating, nor are they beached ice
flows, but had formed in the spot they were seen in. True, if
temporary, geologic islands. I posted a pic of the most picturesque
island in "Photo Albums > Vance > Headlands Beach". This island is
more than 50 feet across and 50+ feet from shore. Most of the ice has
a mantle of debris a couple inches thick as the ice ablated during the
season-leaving the dirt and gravel behind. When taking the photo, I
discovered that I, myself, was standing on ice buried under several
inches of sand and gravel. I hadn't even realized at first that I was
on ice.




 


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